Manuscript2 – Sayfa 49 – BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS RESEARCH JOURNAL

Kategori: Manuscript2

Fight Against Tax Competition in the EU and the Effects of Tax Policies Implemented in the EU During the 2008 Global Financial Crisis on Tax Competition

Posted on Cumartesi Nisan 18th, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Fight Against Tax Competition in the EU and the Effects of Tax Policies Implemented in the EU During the 2008 Global Financial Crisis on Tax Competition
Author(s):	Erdal Eroğlu
Volume:	6
Number:	2
Year:	2015
Page:	39-58
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

Globalized economy has brought about many economic and political problems in both national and international fields. One of the most significant results of globalization is that it has removed boundaries and reduced time and space related costs preventing international capital from moving towards areas where it can increase its value. This change, which is positive considering revaluation and profit increase in global capital, has caused normlessness and led to a process blocking international competition, which may most of the time result in national and international economic crises. Countries have, thus, started to introduce tax policies that would attract global capital. This problem has conceptually been handled in fiscal literature as international tax competition. Recently its harmful aspects have also been included in the discussions. In this context, national authorities as well as international institutions such as European Union and OECD have been working on projects to prevent harmful tax competition. Yet, globalization and financialization of economy have made countries more dependent on international capital. It is conflicting that countries are making new regulations to prevent harmful tax competitions while they are also creating an environment where they can promote global capital to avoid possible financial crises. This conflict was clearly observed in European Union during the 2008 global crisis. This study reveals the conflict between tax policies applied by EU to overcome the 2008 global financial crisis and the works intended for preventing harmful tax competition in EU.

Keywords:

Tax competition, tax harmonization, financial crisis, European Union tax policy

JEL Classification:

G01, F65, H29, H30

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The Importance of Safety in Construction Sector: Costs of Occupational Accidents in Construction Sites

Posted on Cumartesi Nisan 18th, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Importance of Safety in Construction Sector: Costs of Occupational Accidents in Construction Sites
Author(s):	Fatih Yılmaz, Uğur Buğra Çelebi
Volume:	6
Number:	2
Year:	2015
Page:	25-37
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

Occupational accidents cause important social and economic problems by loss of life and physical injuries. Construction sector involves high risk due to its production processes and labor intensive characteristic and because of occupational accidents the sector brings up against financial loss in large scale. In developing countries, construction sector is one of the most important sectors that have a great contribution to economic development with its employment capacity and added-value to the economy. On the other hand, due to the lack of preventive measures, occupational accidents occur, frequently in construction in Turkey. Major occupational accidents are defined as the cause of serious injuries and a long-term disability; minor occupational accidents are defined as the cause of insignificant injuries and short-term disability. Minor occupational accidents are not considered sufficiently, they are even not kept as a record. It is known that minor occupational accidents, which are not considered sufficiently and even not registered, cause great financial loss in workplaces. The aim of this paper is to investigate the cost of workforce loss caused by the accidents in construction sites by using the statistics of three construction sites in Turkey and to compare the financial losses of minor and major occupational accidents. In this study, three construction project are investigated in Turkey in 2009 and it is obtained that the cost of workday loss caused by major occupational accidents is 19431.75 $ and minor occupational accidents cause a loss of 6924.25 $. The cost of workday loss caused by minor occupational accidents are almost 35 % of major workday losses’. These costs presents the importance of preventive measures for workers’ health and safety in construction.

Keywords:

Construction, occupational accident, cost of occupational accident, accident analysis program

JEL Classification:

J81, J28, J10

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Big Five Personality Traits and Organizational Dissent: The Moderating Role of Organizational Climate

Posted on Cumartesi Nisan 18th, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Big Five Personality Traits and Organizational Dissent: The Moderating Role of Organizational Climate
Author(s):	Ayşe Begüm Ötken, Tuna Cenkci
Volume:	6
Number:	2
Year:	2015
Page:	1-23
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine which personality traits explain the amount of variance in organizational dissent and whether organizational climate has a moderating role on the relationship between personality traits and organizational dissent. A convenience sampling was used and 527 Turkish participants completed the survey questionnaire. The results show that conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience personality traits explain the variance in upward dissent. In addition, extraversion and emotional stability contribute to displaced dissent whereas emotional stability predicts the variance in latent dissent. Moreover, humanistic climates have a moderating role on the relationship between conscientiousness and upward dissent. On the other hand, formalization climates have a moderating effect between extraversion and displaced dissent. Overall, the results support the association between personality and employee dissent and the partial moderating role of organizational climate on this relationship. Organizations may utilize the results in their efforts to create an organizational climate that supports the expression of different ideas and thoughts. Organizational leaders may apply the study outcomes about role of employee personality and organizational climate to motivate employees’ upward dissent.

Keywords:

Organizational dissent, employee dissent, organizational climate, big five, Turkish culture

JEL Classification:

M10, M12, M14, D23

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Collaborative Sustainability: Analyzing Economic and Social Outcomes in the Context of Cittaslow

Posted on Cumartesi Şubat 21st, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Collaborative Sustainability: Analyzing Economic and Social Outcomes in the Context of Cittaslow
Author(s):	Elif Üstündağlı, Miray Baybars, Ebru Belkıs Güzeloğlu
Volume:	6
Number:	1
Year:	2015
Page:	125-144
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

Accelerating industrialization increased negative consequences related with resources and ecosystem which in turn increased importance of sustainable development strategies depending on regional dynamicsand local resources. Slow City (Cittaslow) movement serves a collaborative sustainable development model that focuses on both protection of local values and local economy including all stakeholders in the process while supporting social transformations in its own global local network. This study examines the changes in Seferihisar’s – Slow capital city of Turkey – local economy after the membership of Slow City movement in terms of economic and social changes. In this study, purposive sampling was used and the data was collected with interview method from the team of Seferihisar Municipality which actively engaged in Cittaslow activities. The data was analyzed with content analysis method. At the end of the study, it was found that Seferihisar’s local economy is changed in domains of status in global network, local production and consumption and social situation. The unique value of this study is discussing about negative aspects of changes which are not elaborated before and interaction between economic and social transformations.

Keywords:

Sustainability, slow city, collaboration, Seferihisar

JEL Classification:

Q56, H75, R11

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Researches within the Scope Of Articles Related Leader-Member Exchange Theory in Turkey: Bibliometric A Content Analysis as Bibliometrically

Posted on Cumartesi Şubat 21st, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Researches within the Scope Of Articles Related Leader-Member Exchange Theory in Turkey: Bibliometric A Content Analysis as Bibliometrically
Author(s):	Ali Murat Alparslan, Ömer Faruk Oktar
Volume:	6
Number:	1
Year:	2015
Page:	107-123
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

The aim of this study is conducting bibliometric content analysis on academic articles related leader-member exchange theory which published in Turkish literature. Thus, the contribution of Turkish literature to leader-member exchange theory will revealed. Moreover, this research will serve as an important assessment to who done research and will do research about this phenomenon. The scope of research, 20 published & accessible empiric article which in domestic literature until 2014 was reviewed. When phenomenon of leader-member exchange was dependent variable, independent variable and mediating variable, the other dependent and independent variables have been introduced. According to result, in order that organizational, personal and leadership factors develop into useful behaviors and attitudes, leader-member exchange has been shown to be a significant mediating role. Creating a culture of collaboration and group climate, transformational leadership, extroverts and self-sufficiency personality increase leader-member interaction, this interaction will increase the effectiveness of the organization, positive work attitudes, psychological empowerment and job performance, and decrease intention of leaving the organization, in fact leads to extra effort by employees for organizations.

Keywords:

Organizational behavior, leader-member exchange, positive work attitudes, bibliometric analysis

JEL Classification:

M54, D23, L2

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Logistics Outsourcing and The Role of Logistics Service Providers: A Study About Steel Pipe Production Enterprises in Turkey

Posted on Cumartesi Şubat 21st, 2015Salı Şubat 24th, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Logistics Outsourcing and The Role of Logistics Service Providers: A Study About Steel Pipe Production Enterprises in Turkey
Author(s):	Mehmet Selami Yıldız, İlker Turan
Volume:	6
Number:	1
Year:	2015
Page:	79-105
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

Specialization requirement led the outsourcing preferred intensely by firms. Evidently “logistics activities” constitute an important part in the outsourced business activities. In this study, interviews were conducted with the managers from Turkey’s steel pipe production enterprises who have knowledge of logistics management. Fourteen steel pipe enterprises were included in the study. The collected data were analyzed by using quantitative methods and data were obtained by interview and face-to-face interviews. The obtained data were analyzed by using content analysis. The results indicated that inbound and outbound logistics are the logistics functions most commonly outsourced. Furthermore, service quality, reliability and price are the most important factors in the selection of the logistics service providers. And its understood that the enterprises are using logistics outsourcing since the establishment of businesses.

Keywords:

Logistics, logistics service providers, outsourcing, steel pipe production, 3. part logistics

JEL Classification:

M10, M11

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An Alternative Approach for Manufacturing Performance Measurement: Preference Selection Index (PSI) Method

Posted on Cumartesi Şubat 21st, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	An Alternative Approach for Manufacturing Performance Measurement: Preference Selection Index (PSI) Method
Author(s):	Gökhan Akyüz, Salih Aka
Volume:	6
Number:	1
Year:	2015
Page:	63-77
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

The manufacturing firms have to monitor their performance to maintain competitive advantages and sustain improvements. In this study, an approach based on Preference Selection Index (PSI) is proposed to calculate the manufacturing performance index at a specific time interval. Unlike many methods in the literature, this method offers a systematic approach with simple calculations without the need to determine the relative weights of the criteria. The application was performed in three separate production lines of the company in the glass industry and improvements in the performance of the lines for eight-month period of time were analyzed.

Keywords:

Manufacturing performance, preference selection index method, performance index

JEL Classification:

M11, L61

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Short Run and Long Run Reasons That Affect The Nauri Model in Turkey

Posted on Cumartesi Şubat 21st, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Short Run and Long Run Reasons That Affect The Nauri Model in Turkey
Author(s):	Cem Mehmet Baydur, Bora Süslü
Volume:	6
Number:	1
Year:	2015
Page:	43-62
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

In this article, the study is done with the view of Nauri model, Keynes and Classical doctrine. According to the Classical doctrine, while the ratio of technology and mark-up depends on data, the value balance of unemployment level is determined by the share that the employees get from the whole salary. Aggressive salary policy increases the natural unemployment level. According to Nauri, in the situations where the expectations of inflation is right, the natural unemployment level is determined with the demand of salary related to the ratio. To Keynes doctrine, the natural unemployment level is explained with the investment expenses and the demand side. From the point of view of Keynes, instability in investment expenses, insufficiency in demands, decreased productivity increase the natural unemployment level. In the light of this view, between 2000 and 2013, in Turkey the development of variations such as salary, growing, investment which affect Nairu is studied. The evaluation of the natural unemployment is examined from the point of Classical and Keynes doctrine. As a result, it is found that the factor which affects the unemployment in Turkey is insufficiency in the demand.

Keywords:

Nairu, Keynesian doctrine, classic doctrine, ARDL

JEL Classification:

E66, E61, B22

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Evaluating the Effects of Various Financial Ratios on Company Financial Performance: Application in Borsa İstanbul

Posted on Cumartesi Şubat 21st, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Evaluating the Effects of Various Financial Ratios on Company Financial Performance: Application in Borsa İstanbul
Author(s):	Eda Oruç Erdoğan, Murat Erdoğan, Vesile Ömürbek
Volume:	6
Number:	1
Year:	2015
Page:	35-42
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact on the corporate financial performance to the several financial indicators. Companies that are traded continuously in Borsa İstanbul-30 (BIST-30) between 2002-2013 periods were analyzed in this study for this purpose. Current ratio, earnings per share, leverage ratio, firm size and market value to book value ratio were used as independent variables. Net profit margin was used as a dependent variables. The relationship between variables was analyzed by using panel data. According to the results of analysis, there is a positive and significant relation between corporate performance (t-period) and current ratio and corporate size (t- period) and there is a negative and significant relation between corporate performance (t-period) and leverage ratio (t-period).

Keywords:

Financial ratios, current ratio, leverage ratio, company performance, panel data analysis

JEL Classification:

G30, G32

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Tracking Ability and Pricing Efficiency of Exchange Traded Funds: Evidence from Borsa Istanbul

Posted on Cumartesi Şubat 21st, 2015 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Tracking Ability and Pricing Efficiency of Exchange Traded Funds: Evidence from Borsa Istanbul
Author(s):	Nazlı Kalfa Baş, Serra Eren Sarıoğlu
Volume:	6
Number:	1
Year:	2015
Page:	19-33
ISSN:	1309-2448

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance and pricing efficiency of the exchange-traded funds (ETFs) operating in the Turkish Capital Markets. In this paper, we examine the tracking errors and pricing efficiencies of 16 ETFs during the period 2005-2013. This is the first paper that makes an investigation with covering all ETFs in Turkish Capital Markets. Using daily data, we find out that Turkish ETFs underperform their underlying indices. We use three different methods (arithmetic mean, absolute mean and quadratic tracking error) to measure the tracking errors and find that these errors are significantly different from zero. The pricing efficiencies of ETFs are computed using four different methods: premiums and discounts calculated in Turkish Liras (TL) and percentage and absolute values of these calculations. As a result of our analysis, we find that Turkish ETFs are priced closely to their net asset values and there exists no arbitrage opportunities in this context.

Keywords:

Exchange traded funds, tracking error, pricing efficiency, Borsa Istanbul

JEL Classification:

G12, G23

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