Manuscript2 – Page 40 – BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS RESEARCH JOURNAL

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The Effects of the Degree of Internationalization on Export Performance: A Research on Exporters in Turkey

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effects of the Degree of Internationalization on Export Performance: A Research on Exporters in Turkey
Author(s):	Erkan Ozdemir, M. Hakan Altintas, Serkan Kilic
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	611-626
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.69

Abstract

The level of internationalization of companies in developing countries is an important factor in the economic success of both businesses and the developing countries. The aim of the present study is to dimension the internationalization of export companies and to determine the effect of these dimensions on the export performance of the companies. The study data were collected from export companies in Turkey with a web-based questionnaire. In the study, structural equation modeling was utilized and in addition to elements in the degree of internationalization (DOI) measurements available in the literature, the speed component was added to the research model. As a result of the research, it was found that the dimensions grouped as sales, country and human factors as the second-order DOI and these dimensions positively affected the export performance of the companies. It was observed that the DOI measurement of the dimensions included in the study supported the results of other studies in the literature and affected the export performance of the companies in developing countries. The study results show that marketing managers should pay special attention to the sub-dimensions such as sales, country and human factors, and the content of the DOI in the internationalization process and in this context should follow export performance.

Keywords:

Internationalization, Degree of Internationalization (DOI), Export Performance, Exporters, Turkey

JEL Classification:

M30, M31, L60

Full Text ( ↓ 3463)

An Investigation of SMEs’ Perspective on Social Media Promotion Effect through the Correspondence Analysis

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	An Investigation of SMEs’ Perspective on Social Media Promotion Effect through the Correspondence Analysis
Author(s):	Elif Bulut, Evrim Erdogan, Melek Sardag Karabulut
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	591-610
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.68

Abstract

Establishing relationship with customers and creating value for customers are the roles of social media which have been recognized by all businesses recently. Nowadays social media has been seen as an opportunity for SME’s which can’t develop because of the lack of capital, human resources, marketing knowledge and technology etc. This study explores SMEs’ perspective on social media promotion effect with using correspondence analysis. The survey was carried out on 400 SMEs which operate in Sinop. The findings showed that SMEs have not fully utilized the importance of the social media as a marketing tool yet. Also, according to their descriptive characteristics, they have different perspectives on social media promotion effect.

Keywords:

Social Media, Social Media Marketing, SME, Correspondence Analysis

JEL Classification:

M31, C38

Full Text ( ↓ 2687)

Examination of Public Service Announcements in Turkey Through Content Analysis Method

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Examination of Public Service Announcements in Turkey Through Content Analysis Method
Author(s):	Meltem Yetkin Ozbuk, Yagmur Oz
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	575-589
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.67

Abstract

In everyday life, public service announcements are often encountered, criticized, or found to be useful. While the effects of public service announcements are frequently discussed, there is not a detailed study of their content. The purpose of this study is to systematically classify public service announcements and reveal the characteristics of public service announcements by conducting content analysis method for 375 public service announcements published in Turkey between 2012-2016. In the related literature, it has been observed that different features of public service announcements are collected under certain categories and an answer has been searched under these categories for 12 different research questions. This study will lead to future work on this subject in terms of being the first study to examine public service announcements in Turkey through content analysis method and presenting a holistic framework to examine public service announcements.

Keywords:

Public Service Announcements, Turkey, Content Analysis, Communication, Sensation-Seeking

JEL Classification:

C10, M39

Full Text ( ↓ 3004)

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Pictorial-Textual Health Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs in Terms of Social Marketing

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Pictorial-Textual Health Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs in Terms of Social Marketing
Author(s):	Murat Aktan
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	555-573
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.66

Abstract

Smoking negatively affects individuals’ health, and health problems caused by tobacco products are an important burden on the economy. Thus, struggle against cigarette is a topic of interest for governments. Turkish Health Ministry has mandated to place 14 different textual and pictorial health warnings (graphic warning label – GWL) on cigarette packs since 2010. However, the extent of GWLs effectiveness is not fully known. Therefore, this research aims to investigate 14 GWLs in terms of their effectiveness. During research, participators were asked to evaluate each GWL which they considered effective; the most effective 3 GWLs were determined by frequency analysis. Besides, the relations between the most effective 3 GWLs, gender, age and smoking levels were tested. Results revealed that the fact that GWLs were considered effective is not independent of gender and smoking levels. In this respect, the amount of female participants who considered GWLs as effective was proportionately higher than male respondents. In a similar vein, along with the decrease in smoking frequency, more respondents indicated that GWLs are effective. However, findings illustrated that there was no relation between age and the fact that whether GWLs are perceived as effective.

Keywords:

Social Marketing, Addiction, Smoking, Health Graphic Warning Label

JEL Classification:

M37, M38

Full Text ( ↓ 3037)

Perceptual Image of Conflict-ridden Destinations: An EEG and Eye Tracker Analysis

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Perceptual Image of Conflict-ridden Destinations: An EEG and Eye Tracker Analysis
Author(s):	Cagatan Taskin, Erdogan Koç, Hakan Boz
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	533-553
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.65

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the perceived images of Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia regions in Turkey. These regions offer many opportunities in terms of history and culture, nature and food tourism. Using EEG and Eye Tracker devices, these two destinations, where potential tourists are blurred, and the two destinations where there are no clashes, measured levels of arousal, interest and negative value against the destination advertisements. It has been found that, with the discovery of an important element in the conflicts in the two conflicting destinations, tourists could take a small amount of risk with the intention of discovering new destinations.

Keywords:

Neuromarketing, Conflict-Ridden Destinations, Destination Branding, Risk Perception, Destination Image

JEL Classification:

M30, M31

Full Text ( ↓ 2722)

The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Social Entrepreneurship: A Research on University Studensts

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Social Entrepreneurship: A Research on University Studensts
Author(s):	Mustafa Fedai Cavus, Nazmiye Ulku Pekkan
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	519-532
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.64

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between university students’ social support levels and social entrepreneurship characteristics. In this context, the research was carried out on 302 university students studying in different departments and classes of Mersin Toros University. It has been identified that the level of social support perceived by students influences their social entrepreneurship positively. Also it has been determined that the support of the a special person (0.398) and family (0.351) are the most important factors on their perception of social entrepreneurship. And also, it has been determined that according to gender variant, perceived social support was defined significantly differentiating but social entrepreneurship perception was not differentiating.

Keywords:

Perceived Social Support, Social Entrepreneurship, University Students

JEL Classification:

M10, M19

Full Text ( ↓ 2932)

A Conceptualization of Corporate Social Responsibility in Turkish Literature: A Meta-Synthesis

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	A Conceptualization of Corporate Social Responsibility in Turkish Literature: A Meta-Synthesis
Author(s):	Sirin Atakan Duman, Emel Ozdora Aksak
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	501-517
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.63

Abstract

The study firstly includes a thematic meta synthesis of the national academic literature, including Master’s and Ph.D. theses that contain the keywords corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been examined to reveal the conceptualization this construct providing a detailed profiling and inventory of the literature. This meta synthesis provides researchers with a detailed outline of the literature in regards to; publication year, study area, theory and concepts used, definitions, methodological approaches, results and conclusions. This study also greatly helps determine the gaps in the national literature and aims to further contribute to theory development in CSR area. An analysis of the study findings reveals that most of the theses examined include mostly descriptive studies focused on implementation-based results, lacking theoretical contributions. This meta synthesis reveals a need for studies that combine various theories and develop/provide new conceptual frameworks.

Keywords:

Meta-Synthesis, Corporate Social Responsibility, Template Analysis, Content Analysis, Theses

JEL Classification:

M14, M19

Full Text ( ↓ 2662)

Bank Lending Attitude to SMEs: An Application in Turkish Banking Sector

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Bank Lending Attitude to SMEs: An Application in Turkish Banking Sector
Author(s):	Rabia Yetgin, İbrahim Halil Eksi
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	487-500
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.62

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to reveal the factors affecting the loans the banks use by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). To this end, bank and market-specific variables, which are considered to affect the lending attitudes of depositors and participation banks to SMEs, were analyzed using regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, bank size and deposit interest rate variables were found to have a significant effect on SME loans. On the other hand, the result is that the profitability of the asset does not have a meaningful effect on the loans.

Keywords:

SME, Turkish Banking Sector, Bank Lending, Regression

JEL Classification:

E40, G10, G21

Full Text ( ↓ 2832)

Impact of “Aircraft Crisis” Between Turkey and Russia on Borsa Istanbul Food, Beverage and Tourism Indexes

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Impact of “Aircraft Crisis” Between Turkey and Russia on Borsa Istanbul Food, Beverage and Tourism Indexes
Author(s):	Emrah Sahin, Fatih Konak, S. Serdar Karaca
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	473-485
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.61

Abstract

On November 24, 2015 at the Syrian border, boundary violations of Russian combat aircraft was shot down by Turkish warplanes that has caused serious problems in terms of bilateral relations. After the incident, Russia unilaterally froze all its military and economic cooperation and has decided to apply economic sanctions to Turkey. Many of the sectors, especially tourism and food sector, were directly affected by these sanctions decisions. In this context, the purpose of the study is to reveal how the companies of BIST Food, Beverage and BIST Tourism Indexes react to this circumstance by employing the event study methodology. According to the findings, it is observed that the companies that are listed in the BIST Food, Beverage Index generally are affected negatively. Also, it has been determined that companies in the BIST Tourism Index exhibit positive AR values in the post-event period. On the other hand, it was noted that the majority of CAAR values were negative. Moreover, although there are no obvious predictable trends, the presence of statistically significant results in the event window on some days has shown that the market is not efficient in a semi-strong form.

Keywords:

Aircraft Crisis, Event Study, Borsa Istanbul, Food, Beverage Index, Tourısm Index

JEL Classification:

G14, G19

Full Text ( ↓ 2655)

The Effect of Global Financial Crisis on Accounting and Value-Based Business Performances

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Global Financial Crisis on Accounting and Value-Based Business Performances
Author(s):	Ali Ihsan Akgun, Famil Samiloglu
Volume:	8
Number:	3
Year:	2017
Page:	453-471
ISSN:	1309-2448
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2017.60

Abstract

There are numerous studies analyzing the relationship between global financial crisis and financial performance of business. Although, recent surveys reflect the upper hand to a generally negative relationship, this question still gives rise to debate. To approach the issue from different perspective the question that whether accounting based on financial performance and value based on Economic Value-Added (EVA) play a role during periods of uncertainty? In this study, it is purposed to test this hypothesis of financial performance acting as an sample of BİST 100 listed companies, over pre and post crisis reference periods around the current financial crisis. Furthermore, this study examines the impact of cash ratio, liqudity ratio and cash conversion cycle of the recent 2008 global financial crisis on the relation between a firm’s performance and Economic Value-Added (EVA) using a sample of BİST 100 firms covering the period from 2003 to 2012. According to research findings that explanatory power of independent variables to explain dependent variables is higher in the post-financial crisis period. Moreover, EVA, which is known as a measure of modern performance in the post-crisis period, has higher explanatory power for these variables.

Keywords:

Firm Performance, Financial Crisis, EVA

JEL Classification:

G35, G32, M40, M41

Full Text ( ↓ 2671)