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The Effect of Ethnocentric Consumer Behaviors on Brand Evangelism, Brand Loyalty and Brand Commitment about Domestic and National Brands

Posted on Saturday July 22nd, 2023Tuesday July 25th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Ethnocentric Consumer Behaviors on Brand Evangelism, Brand Loyalty and Brand Commitment about Domestic and National Brands
Author(s):	Bora Göktaş
Volume:	14
Number:	3
Year:	2023
Page:	409-432
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.423

Abstract

Domestic and national brands are issues that have come to the fore in Turkey recently; therefore, consumers often encounter this concept. This study aims to examine the attitudes of ethnocentric consumers towards domestic and national brands, their levels of commitment, loyalty, or evangelistic tendencies, and the effects of consumer ethnocentrism on brand commitment, brand loyalty, and brand evangelism. When the literature is reviewed, it is determined that the number of studies testing the effect of consumer ethnocentrism on brand loyalty, brand commitment, and brand evangelism together with all of its subjects is quite limited, and it seems that not enough research has been done. In this study, using the convenience sampling method, data were collected from 654 participants with the online survey technique, and regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. According to the research findings, it was concluded that consumer ethnocentrism has a significant and positive linear effect on brand commitment, brand loyalty, and brand evangelism. In addition, for participants with ethnocentric tendencies, it was seen that attitudes towards the elements of “positive brand referrals” of brand evangelism, “cognitive loyalty” of brand loyalty, and “affective commitment” of brand commitment were higher.

Keywords:

Consumer Ethnocentrism, Brand Evangelism, Brand Loyalty, Brand Commitment, Consumer Attitudes

JEL Classification:

M30, M31, M38

Full Text ( ↓ 956)

Examination of the Existence of Month of the Year, Day Effect of the Week, and Seasonal Anomalies in Gold Futures Contracts: The Case of Turkey

Posted on Saturday July 22nd, 2023Tuesday July 25th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Examination of the Existence of Month of the Year, Day Effect of the Week, and Seasonal Anomalies in Gold Futures Contracts: The Case of Turkey
Author(s):	Yasemin Karataş Elçiçek
Volume:	14
Number:	3
Year:	2023
Page:	369-387
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.422

Abstract

This study aims to examine the existence of the month of the year effect, the day of the week effect, and seasonal anomalies in the return of gold futures contracts traded in the Borsa Istanbul Derivatives Market (BIST-VIOP) in the period of 02.09.2013 – 30.11.2022 through the Autoregressive Moving Average Models (ARMA)(2,2) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (GARCH)(1,1) model. According to the results, positive returns were found on other days except Thursday from the model examining the relationship between the gold futures contract and the day of the week effect, positive returns were found in January and March from the model results examining the relationship between the gold futures contract and the month of the year effect, and positive as well as statistically significant returns were found in other seasons except for summer from the model examining the relationship between the gold futures contract and seasonal anomalies.

Keywords:

Gold Futures Contract, Anomaly, Seasonal Effect, Month of the Year Effect, Day of the Week Effect

JEL Classification:

C13, G14, G40

Full Text ( ↓ 881)

The Cultural Diversity of the Board of Directors and Capital Structure

Posted on Saturday July 22nd, 2023Tuesday July 25th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Cultural Diversity of the Board of Directors and Capital Structure
Author(s):	Bahadır Karakoç, Uğur Arcagök
Volume:	14
Number:	3
Year:	2023
Page:	351-368
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.421

Abstract

Cultural characteristics and personal values can play a significant role in financial decision-making process, alongside economic factors. This study contributes to the existing literature by investigating the impact of cross-cultural board members on capital structure decisions in publicly traded firms in Turkey. Using panel data methodology to analyze the capital structures of these firms between 2011 and 2020, we found that firms with at least 30% cross-cultural representation on their boards tend to borrow more than firms with less diverse boards. Similarly, firms with at least one cross-cultural board member borrow more than firms managed entirely by locals. These findings are significant in contributing to the understanding of the role of cultural diversity in financial decision-making and offer practical implications for firms aiming to optimize their capital structures. The results remain robust even after alternative regression specifications and other corporate financing decisions have been considered.

Keywords:

Capital Structure, Cross-Culture, Board of Directors, Corporate Borrowing

JEL Classification:

G10, G20, N20, O16

Full Text ( ↓ 882)

Is the Convergence Hypothesis Valid for Per Capita Energy Consumption among G20 Countries? Findings from the Nahar-Inder Test

Posted on Saturday July 22nd, 2023Tuesday July 25th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Is the Convergence Hypothesis Valid for Per Capita Energy Consumption among G20 Countries? Findings from the Nahar-Inder Test
Author(s):	Cihat Karademir, Şencan Felek, Reşat Ceylan
Volume:	14
Number:	3
Year:	2023
Page:	337-350
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.420

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine whether the per capita primary energy consumption levels in G-20 countries exhibit convergence behavior in the period 1965-2021. In the convergence analysis, the ADF unit root test based on Bernard and Durlauf (1996) and the Nahar-Inder (2002) test, which states that convergence behavior can occur even in the presence of a unit root in the analyzed series, are used. According to the findings, while two countries exhibit convergence behavior in the ADF unit root test, convergence behavior is observed in 16 countries according to the Nahar-Inder (2002) technique. Thus, it is observed that the Nahar-Inder (2002) technique yields stronger results than the ADF unit root test. Moreover, the convergence findings indicate that the success rate of the policies to be developed for energy integration will be high. Accordingly, the policy recommendations of the study include the expansion of international agreements, the creation of institutions that will increase the sanctioning power, and the establishment of an international monetary fund to support developing countries in realizing a green transformation in energy use.

Keywords:

Convergence, Energy Consumption, G-20 Countries, Nahar-Inder Test

JEL Classification:

O13, Q40, C22

Full Text ( ↓ 947)

Anonymous and Separable Hedonic Coalition Formation Games: Nash Stability Under Different Membership Rights

Posted on Saturday July 22nd, 2023Tuesday July 25th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Anonymous and Separable Hedonic Coalition Formation Games: Nash Stability Under Different Membership Rights
Author(s):	Mehmet Karakaya , Seçkin Özbilen
Volume:	14
Number:	3
Year:	2023
Page:	303-319
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.419

Abstract

We consider hedonic coalition formation games. A hedonic coalition formation game is a pair which consists of a finite set of agents and a list of agents’ preferences such that each agent has preferences over all coalitions containing her. We study the existence of a Nash stable partition under different membership rights for anonymous and separable hedonic coalition formation games. We prove that for anonymous and separable hedonic games, the existence of a Nash stable partition is always guaranteed when the membership rights are Free Exit-Approved Entry or Approved Exit-Free Entry, but the existence of a Nash stable partition is not guaranteed when the membership rights are Free Exit-Free Entry. We also analyze the relation of the anonymity and separability with the other sufficient conditions which guarantee the existence of a Nash stable partition under different membership rights.

Keywords:

Coalition Formation, Hedonic Games, Nash Stability, Membership Rights

JEL Classification:

C71, C78, D71

Full Text ( ↓ 945)

Oil Price Pass-Through on Sector-Level Prices: Evidence from Turkey

Posted on Friday May 26th, 2023Tuesday July 25th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Oil Price Pass-Through on Sector-Level Prices: Evidence from Turkey
Author(s):	Mehmet Fatih Ekinci, Hülya Saygılı
Volume:	14
Number:	3
Year:	2023
Page:	321-335
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.418

Abstract

As energy dependency is one of the main drivers of rising global inflation, understanding the sectoral outlook for the effects of oil prices on inflation is crucial. This paper investigates oil price pass-through to consumer prices in Turkey utilizing a Phillips Curve estimation approach. Extending the results in the literature, we estimate Brent crude petroleum price pass-through coefficients for the 2-digit sectoral components of the consumer price index. Then, we compare the sector-level pass-through rates to the ones obtained from the headline and core inflation. We also apply a recursive estimation modeling to track pass-through behavior over time for each inflation series. The paper has several conclusions. First, the long-run oil price pass-through to headline inflation is around 7%. Second, pass-through to the core and sectoral inflation rates exhibit a significant amount of variation from headline inflation. Results with core inflation rates depend on whether energy prices are included or excluded from the consumer basket. Third, the sectoral pass-through rate depends on the weight of the energy-related items in that sector. Our findings suggest that the transport sector has the highest degree of pass-through. Fourth, the rate of pass-through to all prices increases following the hikes in inflation rates in September 2018 and October 2021.

Keywords:

Brent Crude Oil Prices, Headline Inflation, Core Inflation, 2-Digit Sectoral Consumer Inflation, Oil Price Pass-Through, Phillips Curve

JEL Classification:

C32, E31, Q43

Full Text ( ↓ 925)

Determinants of Users’ In-App Purchase Behavioral Intention in Mobile Applications: A Model Proposal with Extended Planned Behavior Theory

Posted on Wednesday April 26th, 2023Wednesday April 26th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Determinants of Users’ In-App Purchase Behavioral Intention in Mobile Applications: A Model Proposal with Extended Planned Behavior Theory
Author(s):	Görkem Erdoğan
Volume:	14
Number:	2
Year:	2023
Page:	289-301
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.417

Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the antecedents of users’ in-app purchase (IAPU) behavioral intention. The population of the research consists of individuals over the age of 18 who live in Turkey and have experienced IAPU. The proposed model of the IAPU is evaluated empirically by applying a questionnaire to 479 users. The structural equation model is used to test the hypotheses about the variables forming the model of the study. In the study, it is determined that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and stickness have a direct and positive effect on IAPU behavioral intention. In addition, the research findings show that the variables of interpersonal influence and influence of external resources affect the subjective norm positively. Results indicate that attitude affects stickness, and this in turn affects IAPU behavioral intention.

Keywords:

In-App Purchase, Mobile Applications, Theory of Planned Behavior

JEL Classification:

M30, M31

Full Text ( ↓ 777)

Determining The Relationships Between Gamification, Consumer Engagement, Brand Loyalty and Intention to Continue Using

Posted on Wednesday April 26th, 2023Wednesday April 26th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Determining The Relationships Between Gamification, Consumer Engagement, Brand Loyalty and Intention to Continue Using
Author(s):	Leyla Gökmerdan Önder
Volume:	14
Number:	2
Year:	2023
Page:	277-288
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.416

Abstract

The concept of game has turned into the concept of gamification with the rapid development of digitalization. Increasingly used in many areas, gamification is a new and attractive way for businesses to connect with their consumers and strengthen their relationships. On the other hand, thanks to mobile applications attracting the attention of consumers, businesses can create brand loyalty by offering a pleasant experience to their consumers. With gamified mobile applications designed by combining gamification and mobile applications, it is aimed to increase customers’ interest in the brand. Moreover, it will help repeat customer purchasing behavior, and to ensure that they continue to use the application by involving them in the process. From this point of view, the main objective of the research is to determine the relations between gamified mobile applications, consumer participation, brand loyalty, and intention to continue using. For this purpose, a survey study was conducted on consumers aged 18 years and old living in Ankara and using mobile applications of coffee chain brands. The model demonstrating the relations between the variables using the collected data was tested with the least squares path analysis using the Smart-PLS program. According to the results, story, mechanics, technology, and aesthetic dimensions used for designing gamified mobile applications that are predicted by the elemental tetrad model positively affect consumer participation. Moreover, the results show that consumer participation affects brand loyalty and intention to continue using.

Keywords:

Gamification, Consumer Engagement, Brand Loyalty, Intention to Continue Using, Elemental Tetrad Model

JEL Classification:

M10, M30, M31

Full Text ( ↓ 915)

The Effect of Authentic Leadership on Employees’ Voice and Moral Identities

Posted on Wednesday April 26th, 2023Wednesday April 26th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Authentic Leadership on Employees’ Voice and Moral Identities
Author(s):	Kübra Terzioğlu Karabıyıkoğlu, Engin Kanbur
Volume:	14
Number:	2
Year:	2023
Page:	257-275
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.415

Abstract

The increasing fluctuations in the changing and developing business world with the effect of globalization have led organizations to questionize the efficiency and moral behaviors of leaders. Authentic leadership, among the topics of positive organizational behavior, is a leadership style that impacts many organizational outputs, such as performance, motivation, commitment, voice and moral identities of employees. Authentic leaders, who are trying to improve their organization in the competitive conditions of a dynamic environment, are also aware that the most significant role in this development is themselves and their followers. Authentic leaders, who focus on improving themselves and their followers, support the employees to raise their voices in favor of the organization and improve their moral behavior. This research aims to examine the effects of authentic leadership on the voice of employees and their moral identities. Research data were collected in this context with a survey technique from 326 employees who worked in the solution center department of Hepsiburada e-commerce company. Multiple regression analysis was used in the analysis of the research data. The research findings show that authentic leadership and its subdimensions have a positive and significant effect on employee voice and moral identities of employees.

Keywords:

Leadership Authenticity, Authentic Leadership, Employee Voice, Moral Identity

JEL Classification:

M10, M19

Full Text ( ↓ 851)

The Effect of Organizational Pride on Job Satisfaction: A Research in the Tourism Sector

Posted on Wednesday April 26th, 2023Wednesday April 26th, 2023 by editor

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Organizational Pride on Job Satisfaction: A Research in the Tourism Sector
Author(s):	Belkıs Dilek Özbezek, Hacı Mustafa Paksoy, Veysel Mehmet Gültekin
Volume:	14
Number:	2
Year:	2023
Page:	243-255
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2023.414

Abstract

The tourism sector generally has features such as labor intensive, simultaneous production and consumption, and inability to store the product. Due to these features, the human element has great importance and role in terms of both production and business profitability. The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of organizational pride on job satisfaction in terms of tourism sector employees. The research was carried out by survey method on 392 personnel in five-star the hotels in Antalya region. The results of the correlation analyses showed that it was determined that organizational pride and its sub-dimensions had a positive and low-level relationship with job satisfaction and its sub-dimensions. According to the results of the multiple regression analysis, it was concluded that the emotional pride dimension, which is one of the sub-dimensions of organizational pride, has a significant effect on job satisfaction and its sub-dimensions.

Keywords:

Organizational Pride, Job Satisfaction, Tourism, Hotel Management, Employee

JEL Classification:

M10, M12, M19

Full Text ( ↓ 1062)