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Forecasting Sales Revenues of Turkish Manufacturing Industry by Grey Forecasting and Markov Model

Posted on Sunday July 29th, 2018Monday July 30th, 2018 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Forecasting Sales Revenues of Turkish Manufacturing Industry by Grey Forecasting and Markov Model
Author(s):	Selahattin Kaynak, Mirac Eren
Volume:	9
Number:	3
Year:	2018
Page:	531-542
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.121

Abstract

Turkish manufacturing industry has been increasingly important with the adoption of free market economy. It has become the driving force of the Turkish economy in terms of employment, production and exports. In terms of capital ownership, in Turkish manufacturing industry; public, private and foreign capital type companies operate in different status. The aim of this study is to predict the sales income trends of the public, private and foreign capital types operating in different positions in terms of capital ownership in the Turkish manufacturing industry through the Grey and Markov model. The grey model for estimating the total sales revenue of the firms, and the new Markov approach based on the quadratic programming model for their trends have been proposed. These models were used to forecast the total sales of firms for the period 2004-2014 and to estimate the trends of 2017-2022 period. In the scope of the research, the sales revenues of Turkey’s largest 500 industrial firms, operating in the manufacturing industry were analyzed. The analyzed dataset covers the period 1993-2014. As a result of the analyzes, it has been found that in the Turkish manufacturing industry, the weight of public capital is gradually decreasing and that the private capital has a high level of penetration.

Keywords:

Manufacturing Industry, Markov Model, Quadratic Programming, Grey Model

JEL Classification:

D29, D41, E23

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Institutional Change and Economic Policy Coordination for Turkey

Posted on Sunday July 29th, 2018Monday July 30th, 2018 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Institutional Change and Economic Policy Coordination for Turkey
Author(s):	Pinar Ozdemir Cukadar, Nese Algan
Volume:	9
Number:	3
Year:	2018
Page:	513-529
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.120

Abstract

Aim of this study is to investigate instiutional change of economic policies and to examine whether policies are well coordinated or not for the 1980-2016 period of Turkey. The coordination between economic policies may succeed in through trust, coordination and complementarity between institutions. Turkish economy transformed planned economy to free market system and institutional structure has changed dramatically in that period. Moreover in that period Turkey had exposed to several structural changes and economic crises too. The analysis can be significant when the suitable methods are used for these datas. This is the main reason why non linearity is tested by Harvey, Leybourne and Xiao (2008) and results supports that series are nonlinear. Fourier ADF unit root test is used nonlinear variables and Kapetanios, Shin and Snell (2003) cointegration test is applied for to analyze long run relations between variables. The empirical findings support that there is no relationship between monetary and fiscal policy variables. Secondly, Arby and Hanif (2010) methodology is used for calculating a coordination coefficient for Turkey. The low coordination coefficient supports that coordination institutions has not worked efficiently.

Keywords:

Institutional Change, Nonlinear Time Series, Coordination, Turkish Economy

JEL Classification:

C32, E61, E02

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Effects of Sectoral Energy Consumption on Economic Growth: The Case of Turkey (1972-2015)

Posted on Saturday July 28th, 2018Monday July 30th, 2018 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Tuba Hanifi, Aysun Eser Ozen
Author(s):	Effects of Sectoral Energy Consumption on Economic Growth: The Case of Turkey (1972-2015)
Volume:	9
Number:	3
Year:	2018
Page:	499-512
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.119

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of energy consumption on economic growth in the basis of main sectors, between the years 1972-2015 in Turkey. The dependency between variables was tested by the method of Horizontal Cross Section (CD test), then the causality between energy consumption and Gross Domestic Product was analysed by using the heterogeneous panel test developed by Dumitrescu and Hurlin. Unidirectional causality from growth to energy consumption was found for Turkey. In terms of the main sectors, unidirectional causality from growth to energy consumption in the agricultural sector and bi-directional causality between growth and energy consumption in the services sector was found. In terms of the industrial sector, no causality was found.

Keywords:

Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Sectors, Causality, Turkey

JEL Classification:

C33, Q43, E23, O49

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The Relationship between Economic Growth, CO2 Emissions and Health Expenditures in Turkey under Structural Breaks

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Relationship between Economic Growth, CO2 Emissions and Health Expenditures in Turkey under Structural Breaks
Author(s):	Melike Atay Polat, Suzan Ergun
Volume:	9
Number:	3
Year:	2018
Page:	481-497
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.118

Abstract

One of the many factors that affect human health is the destructions in the quality of the environment. Especially, the destructions in the environmental quality caused by increasing economic activities poses serious threats in terms of health. Health problems caused by environmental destruction leads to rapid increase in health expenditures. In this study, the effects of environmental destruction and economic growth on health expenditures of Turkey in the 1980-2016 years have been analyzed using single structural break Zivot-Andrews test and Gregory-Hansen cointegration test. While analyzing causal relation among variables, Toda Yamamoto method has been used. At this study CO2 emission per capita is used as indicator of environmental disruption and real GDP per capita has been used as indicator of economic growth, and health expenditure has been measured as per capita. The result of the analysis have shown that there is not a long term relation among health expenditures, economic growth and CO2 emission. In addition, one way causality relationship has been determined from health expenditure towards economic growth and CO2 emissions and from economic growth towards CO2 emissions.

Keywords:

Environmental Quality, Environmental Degradation, Health Expenditure, Economic Growth, Cointegration Test, Toda Yamamoto Causality Test

JEL Classification:

C32, I19, K32

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Foreign Technology Absorption in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Long-Term Analysis of the Nature and Stability of Relationships

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Foreign Technology Absorption in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Long-Term Analysis of the Nature and Stability of Relationships
Author(s):	Katarzyna Świerczyńska, Agata Kliber
Volume:	9
Number:	3
Year:	2018
Page:	463-479
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.117

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to investigate the relationships between the process of technology absorption, official development aid (ODA), foreign direct investment (FDI), and import in Sub-Saharan Africa. We investigate long-run relationships between the process of technology absorption in the region. The investigation is based on such variables as ODA, FDI as well as import from developing and developed economies to estimate co-integration relationships and error-correction models. The results obtained indicate that aid and import from the South are more likely to cause the absorption of technology than other directions of flow.

Keywords:

Sub-Saharan Africa, Foreign Technology Absorption, Official Development Aid, Foreign Direct Investment

JEL Classification:

O11, O55, F35

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Market Structure of the Turkish Pharmaceutical Industry

Posted on Saturday July 28th, 2018Monday July 30th, 2018 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Market Structure of the Turkish Pharmaceutical Industry
Author(s):	Egemen Ipek, Ozlem Ipek
Volume:	9
Number:	3
Year:	2018
Page:	449-462
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.116

Abstract

The market structure of the Pharmaceutical Industry, which has an extremely important both socially and economically position, is carefully monitored by regulatory authorities. The consantration of pharmaceutical companies tends to adversely affect consumer welfare as well as resource distribution in the economy. The competitive structure of the markets is determined by the concentration indices. For these reasons, in this study the market concentration ratios of the pharmaceutical sector in Turkey are calculated by using concentration measures such as Concentration Ratio; Herfindahl-Hirschman; Hall-Tideman; Rosenbluth; Comprehensive Industrial Concentration; Hannah-Kay; Hause and the Entropy measure with the annual sales revenue data of the companies in the sector for the 2009-2016 period.According to the results, pharmaceutical sector in Turkey has a low concentrated market structure. In addition, the Rosenbluth index presents the most consistent results for the Turkish pharmaceutical sector, which consists of hundreds of small companies having markets shares of 7% at the highest.

Keywords:

Market Structure, Pharmaceutical Industry, Concentration Measures, Trend Analysis

JEL Classification:

D40, L10, L22

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Is There a Financial Accelerator Mechanism in the Turkish Banking Industry?

Posted on Monday June 18th, 2018Saturday October 27th, 2018 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Is There a Financial Accelerator Mechanism in the Turkish Banking Industry?
Author(s):	Ekin Ayse Ozsuca
Volume:	9
Number:	4
Year:	2018
Page:	787-798
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.115

Abstract

This paper empirically investigates the cyclical behavior of price-cost margins for Turkish banks over the 2002q1-2017q3 period by exploiting dynamic panel data modeling approaches. The estimation results indicate that margins behave countercyclically during economic fluctuations. It appears that Turkish banks’ price-cost margins tend to stay high acting countercyclical during economic downturns, which may limit the supply of loans and thereby, cause a further reduction in production, deepening the contraction. Specifically, several bank-specific characteristics, that is; banks’ liquidity, capitalization and size, together with the monetary policy and market concentration in the banking industry are found to be crucial in explaining the countercyclical behavior of net interest margins in Turkey. Furthermore, the recent global financial crisis in the late 2008 seems to have a considerable effect on the banks margins as well. Overall, these findings provide evidence for the existence of “financial accelerator” at work in the Turkish economy during the period under investigation.

Keywords:

Price-cost margins; Business cycles; Financial accelerator; Turkish banking industry; Dynamic panel data

JEL Classification:

E32, E44, G21

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Mobile Phone Usage and Addiction Levels in Workplaces: A Research on Public and Private Employees

Posted on Saturday April 21st, 2018Sunday April 22nd, 2018 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Mobile Phone Usage and Addiction Levels in Workplaces: A Research on Public and Private Employees
Author(s):	Huseyin Fidan
Volume:	9
Number:	2
Year:	2018
Page:	431-447
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.114

Abstract

Developments of information technologies that bring significant advantages to social life and business process bring with it physical and mental problems. Addiction, which is considered as a disease nowadays, is a mental disorder and can be seen in people as a result of overuse of technological devices. Especially mobile phones that people can carry with them at any time increase the risk of addiction. Mobile addiction, which negatively impacts the physical health, work concentration, and productivity of employees in companies, causes the job loss. Determining mobile addiction degree of employees which is neglected in the literature is an important issue for firms. In this study, mobile addiction levels of workers in Burdur, Isparta and Antalya provinces in TR61 region were analyzed by principal components and regression methods. Data were collected by the survey method by using Mobile Addiction Scale. The study found that the mobile addiction ratio among employees is 6% and the mobile addiction tendency is 31.75%. The study shows that mobile addiction is higher in women and in public sector and mobile addiction is not related to gender, age and income level differences.

Keywords:

Mobil Addiction, Technology Addiction, Behavioral Addiction, Employees Mobil Addiction, Sectoral Mobil Addiction

JEL Classification:

O33, L29

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The Impact of Organizational Conflict on Burnout: A Research in a Public Hospital

Posted on Saturday April 21st, 2018Sunday April 22nd, 2018 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Impact of Organizational Conflict on Burnout: A Research in a Public Hospital
Author(s):	Nezihe Tufekci
Volume:	9
Number:	2
Year:	2018
Page:	413-429
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.113

Abstract

Organizational conflict can be considered as an inevitable process because it can be experienced in every organization. Organizational conflict; intergroup conflicts, intragroup conflicts, and/or interpersonal conflicts. The occurrence of organizational clashes can lead to the burnout of employees. The most important indicators of burnout are taken as emotional exhaustion, desensitization and diminished personal success feeling, which are considered as sub-dimensions. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of the organizational conflict on burnout. In addition to this main purpose, the effects of sub-dimensions of organizational conflict on the sub-dimensions of burnout were also investigated. Within this scope, data were collected from a public hospital in Antalya. A data set was created with 452 people and the hypotheses determined for the purpose of the research were tested. In the research, path analysis with LISREL has been done as the result of the effect of organizational conflict on burnout. Moreover, the results of the intergroup conflicts, the intragroup conflicts and the interpersonal conflicts have affecting the conclusion that a lot of burnout dimensions. Some hypotheses on emotional exhaustion in the study did not give meaningful results.

Keywords:

Organizational conflict, burnout, healthcare sector

JEL Classification:

M10, I12

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Individual and Working Life Factors Underlying Victims’ Aggressive and Nonaggressive Attitudes Against the Mobbing

Posted on Saturday April 21st, 2018Sunday April 22nd, 2018 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Individual and Working Life Factors Underlying Victims’ Aggressive and Nonaggressive Attitudes Against the Mobbing
Author(s):	Oktay Yanik
Volume:	9
Number:	2
Year:	2018
Page:	395-411
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2018.112

Abstract

In this study, the reasons underlying aggressive or nonaggressive attitudes of employees exposed to mobbing were investigated. For this purpose, employees were identified who aggressively responded to mobbing or did not show an aggressive response to five different mobbing behaviors in the form of ‘effecting the victim’s possibilities to maintain personal reputation, physical health, possibilities to maintain social contacts, possibilities to communicate adequately, and occupational situation’, in the sample of 169 employees in the health sector. It was then investigated via discriminant analysis how personal and working life characteristics could be exploited in the differentiation of groups of aggressive and unaggressive employees. Results have been obtained that the employees who react aggressively to mobbing and who are unaggressive are divided into different groups according to their marital status, tenure, education status, and management status. Finally, in line with the results of the research, some suggestions have been made to investigate the subject of the search with different variables.

Keywords:

Mobbing, Non-Aggression, Aggression, Personal and Working Life Factors, Victims of Mobbing

JEL Classification:

M10, M12, D74

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