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An Investigation of the Reasons for the Natural Resource Curse: Selected Country Cases

Posted on Saturday December 14th, 2019Friday January 24th, 2020 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	An Investigation of the Reasons for the Natural Resource Curse: Selected Country Cases
Author(s):	Ayfer Gedikli
Volume:	11
Number:	1
Year:	2020
Page:	15-31
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.230

Abstract

Ever since its growing importance, the natural resource abundance and economic growth relationship have been a hot field of study for researchers. In the existing literature, many studies pointing to the negative impact of natural resource endowment on economic growth performance. While some “blessed” natural resource-abundant countries enjoy their natural resource revenues and have a remarkable economic growth performance, many others are “cursed” despite having great natural resource wealth. Natural resource windfall may induce Dutch Disease with excessive rent-seeking, corruption, poor institutionalism, and democracy in resource-rich developing countries. The aim of this study is to investigate the causes of the natural resource curse in developing natural resource-rich countries. In this research, the sample natural resource-rich countries were analyzed between 1980 and 2018 to validate the existence of the natural resource curse in these countries. In the first part, the conceptual framework and reasons for the natural resource curse were explained in detail. In the second part, successful natural resource-rich country cases, as well as selected resource-rich developing countries, were compared according to their economic growth performances, their natural resource revenues, and degree of dependence of their economies on the natural resource revenues. In the last part, some policy suggestions were put forward to avoid a natural resource curse in developing countries.

Keywords:

Natural Resource Abundance, Natural Resource Cursed Developing Countries, Dutch Disease, Natural Resource Curse, Commodity Price Volatility

JEL Classification:

N50, O13

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Project Selection Method Based on Balanced Scorecard Framework

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Project Selection Method Based on Balanced Scorecard Framework
Author(s):	Duygu Ece Yilmaz, Figen Antmen
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1179-1187
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.229

Abstract

Project selection is one of the most important decisions for an organisation to achieve its goals and manage its resources effectively. This study aims to develop a project evaluation method using the balanced scorecard (BSC) dimensions. Although the BSC technique has been used in combination with other methods in various fields, such as supplier qualification and project evaluation, the dimensions of the BSC method have not been defined as parameters in the mathematical model of a knapsack problem. By doing so and considering time and budget constraints, the developed mathematical model selects the most suitable projects using the weighted sum of parameters. The performance of the developed model was tested with randomly generated sample data. Sixteen alternatives were assessed to determine the impact of varying dimension coefficients, budgets, project durations and labour requirement constraints to be established by organisations. The model generates consistent results and can be used by organisations at the project and investment evaluation step.

Keywords:

Project Selection, Balanced Scorecard, Knapsack Problem, Decision Support Systems

JEL Classification:

G11, D81, C61

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The Effect of Emotional Exhaustion on Workplace Ostracism and Job Insecurity in North Cyprus Hotel Industry

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Emotional Exhaustion on Workplace Ostracism and Job Insecurity in North Cyprus Hotel Industry
Author(s):	Mehmet Necati Cizreliogullari, Ozlem Altun, Pinar Barut
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1167-1178
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.228

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the mediating effects of employee emotional exhaustion (EE) on workplace ostracism (WO) and job insecurity (JI) using the theory of resource conservation. In this research, structural equality modeling was conducted through 211 questionnaires, working in Hotels in Northern Cyprus. For data analysis used Microsoft Excel and Statistical Software Programs including SPSS and AMOS. The study results show that the gradual convergence of emotional exhaustion due to incapacity can lead to an increase in negative effects on job insecurity or ostracism in the workplace which gradually increases over time, impacting negatively on and ultimately increasing workplace ostracism. Although, the studies on exhaustion and insecurity in the workplace increase, “the individual perceives that they are ignored or excluded by others”, furthermore, there has not been sufficient attention on the effects of emotional exhaustion workplace ostracism and group unemployment. Therefore, this study will lead to future studies.

Keywords:

Workplace, Ostracism, Emotional Exhaustion, Job Insecurity, Conservation of Resources Theory

JEL Classification:

C83, Z32, J83

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A literature Review on Middle Management/Manager

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	A literature Review on Middle Management/Manager
Author(s):	Sukran Gokce
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1155-1166
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.227

Abstract

The aim of this study is to contribute to the literature by revealing the middle level management/manager identity and the role of this management level in the organization. It also aims to develop a deeper understanding of the involvement of mid-level management in the process of identification and implementation of strategy and its positive results on performance. In this respect “middle level management/manager” and “roles of middle level managers” and in the context of strategic management and published in the journals in the Google and academic database between 1975-2017 and an overall evaluation of national and International studies was made. First of all, the lack of national studies on this subject is remarkable compared to International Studies. According to the results of the research, all authors agree that mid-level management is a large management group that exists between senior and senior management. In addition, mid-level management/managers differ from other levels at three points: function, organizational structure and the tendency of researchers. Mid-level management/managers have significant overlap between roles and the scope of roles is shaped by organizational context, time and the attitude of managers. Researchers have ignored the role of decision making, especially when emphasizing the role of communication and collaboration of these managers.

Keywords:

Middle Management, Middle Manager, Role, Strategic Management

JEL Classification:

M10, L25, M12, M15, D04

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Corporate Reputation and Business Outcomes in Turkey

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Corporate Reputation and Business Outcomes in Turkey
Author(s):	Ozlem Sayilir, Telford Carl Victor
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1143-1153
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.226

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to examine how corporate reputation dimensions – management, quality, working brand, corporate social responsibility, emotional commitment, and recognition – correlate with business outcomes. The study utilizes the dataset of “2012 Corporate Reputation Research” conducted by the Reputation Research Center of Turkey (RepMan). The research comprises seven corporate reputation dimensions, five business outcome indicators, and eleven sectors in Turkey. The findings of regression analysis ascertain a strong positive relation between corporate reputation dimensions and business outcome indicators. One can say companies should attempt to improve related reputation components to enhance performance in business outcomes. According to our results, people would like to recommend a company’s product or service if the companies are good in product/service quality. They would like to recommend the company as a work place even for their children if company has good emotional commitment and product and service quality. They will buy long-term stock because of good corporate social responsibility, emotional commitment, and financial strength. Material and moral support for social responsibility projects of a company depend on corporate social responsibility, emotional commitment, financial strength, and quality of management.

Keywords:

Corporate Reputation, Business Outcomes, Reputation Research, Turkey, Regression Analysis

JEL Classification:

M10, M14

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Content Analysis in Participation Banking Advertisements

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Content Analysis in Participation Banking Advertisements
Author(s):	Fatma Gul Bilginer Ozsaatci
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1127-1142
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.225

Abstract

In today’s highly competitive markets, advertisements that are used to address the target audience are used effectively in the promotion and marketing of financial products. Participation banks, which differ in terms of operation and appealing consumer mass, also benefit from TV advertisements. It is important that participation banks give the correct message in their advertisements due to their current characteristics. Since repetitive words and words in advertisements will provide permanence in the mind of the consumer, it is important to select the most appropriate words for the message to be given. The aim of this study is to analyze the messages of the participation banks’ advertisements with different functions in the financial system. For this purpose, the ads of two participation banks carrying out their activities in Turkey since their foundation as participation banks and benefiting from TV ads have been actively analyzed by MAXQDA package program. As a result of the analysis, the gathered number of code is 283, the number of code is 90 and the number of themes is 62 and themes are grouped under organizational and working principles, economic and financial elements, social relations and internal motivation elements, cultural value elements, religious elements, and universal value elements.

Keywords:

Participation Banking, Advertising, Content Analysis

JEL Classification:

G20, M37

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Passive Consumers, Vulnerabilities and Public Policies

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Passive Consumers, Vulnerabilities and Public Policies
Author(s):	Ram Kesavan, Oswald Mascarenhas, Michael D. Bernacchi
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1095-1108
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.224

Abstract

In this paper we examine a “new” source of consumer vulnerability: the “secondary” consumption of harmful “micro” addictive products and the “primary” consumption of certain “macro” products that are the byproducts of our postindustrial civilization. We define consumer vulnerability of these products in relation to its cognates, disadvantage and detriment, introduce the theory of market imperfections to explain the factual domains of both “micro” and “macro” harmful products to identify the “new” vulnerable consumers, investigate the social concerns surrounding these products, and explore some feasible solutions for protecting them from their vulnerabilities.

Keywords:

Consumer Vulnerability, Business Ethics, Market Imperfections, Micro and Macro Harmful Products, Joint-Responsibility

JEL Classification:

F60, I10, I30, M30

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An Applied Analysis on the Presence of Price Bubbles of Real Estate Prices in Turkey

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	An Applied Analysis on the Presence of Price Bubbles of Real Estate Prices in Turkey
Author(s):	Omer Iskenderoglu, Saffet Akdag
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1085-1093
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.223

Abstract

The detection of price bubbles, which are expressed as increases in asset prices due to speculative movements, can provide information regarding potential financial imbalances that may arise in the future. Upon considering that the Mortgage crisis, which is the last international financial crisis and affected the whole world, was caused by the price bubbles in the housing prices, it is of economic importance to determine whether or not such bubbles occur in the housing prices on the national scale. This study aims to determine whether or not price bubbles occur in housing prices in Turkey. In this context, it is tried to be examined whether or not price bubbles occurred in Turkey via the Sup-Augmented Dickey-Fuller and the Generalized Sup-Augmented Dickey-Fuller tests utilizing the monthly data of the real hedonic housing price index obtained from the cities of Ankara, Istanbul, and Izmir over the period from January 2010 to December 2018. According to the study results in both test results, the existence of housing price bubbles in the cities of Istanbul and Izmir is detected. The Sup-Augmented Dickey-Fuller test results indicate that housing price bubbles occur in Ankara, whereas no housing price bubbles are detected in the city according to results obtained from the Generalized Sup-Augmented Dickey-Fuller test.

Keywords:

Price Bubble, Hedonic Real Estate Price Index, SADF, GSADF, Turkey

JEL Classification:

C22,G12, G17, R31

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Measuring Systemic Risks in the Turkish Banking Sector

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Measuring Systemic Risks in the Turkish Banking Sector
Author(s):	Serkan Sengul, Ensar Yilmaz
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1071-1084
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.222

Abstract

This paper focused on measuring the systemic risks in Turkey’s banking sector by using two major measures that have been proposed in the literature as conditional value at risk (CoVaR) and marginal expected shortfall (MES). In order to compute the contribution of banking sector to systemic risks, the MES and ΔCoVaR measures are estimated for the six Turkish banks, which are listed, on the Borsa Istanbul (BIST) during 2000–2016 period by using Engle’s dynamic conditional correlation model. The preliminary results of this study show that although the measures provide different rankings for the systemic risk contributions, they turn out to be qualitatively very similar in explaining the cross-sectional differences in systemic risk contributions. Secondly, both systemic risk measures (MES and ΔCoVaR) are analyzed to determine the relationships between some variables associated with bank characteristics (e.g., VaR, size and leverage ratio) and banks’ systemic risk contributions, via simple panel data regression methods.

Keywords:

Systemic Risk, DCC (Dynamic Conditional Correlation) Model, MES (Marginal Expected Shortfall), CoVaR (Conditional Value at Risk)

JEL Classification:

C23, G21, G28

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A Two-Way Empirical Investigation on Economic Growth, Public Revenue and Expenditure for Developed and Developing Countries

Posted on Friday October 18th, 2019Saturday October 19th, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	A Two-Way Empirical Investigation on Economic Growth, Public Revenue and Expenditure for Developed and Developing Countries
Author(s):	S. Cagri Esener
Volume:	10
Number:	5
Year:	2019
Page:	1051-1070
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.221

Abstract

By focusing on the investigation of long-term, this study aims to examine the relationship between public revenue, government expenditure and economic growth while bearing Wagner’s Law, Peacock-Wiseman’s Displacement Effect, Classical and Keynesian View on fiscal policy in mind. We employed the bootstrap panel Granger causality methodology to analyze the variables and found different linkages between both revenue and spending versus gross domestic product ratios but also some relations within and vice versa. We took a sample of 22 developing and developed countries which are noticeable with their economic activities in the recent era of globalization for the period of 1985-2017. According to the empirical results, for the growth front; public revenue independent variable is much more related or integrated with the dependent GDP variables for some countries while expenditure is also important as a deterministic factor for some others. On the other hand, for the revenue and expenditure case, the results indicate an evidence of a unilateral relationship for four countries which are supporting spend-tax and one other has bidirectional interaction that associated with fiscal synchronization hypotheses. Conspicuously, triggering affection through government expenditure to revenue and a both-way interaction between public revenue to gross domestic product can be expressed.

Keywords:

Public Revenue and Government Expenditure, Economic Growth, Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality, Wagner’s Law, Displacement Effect

JEL Classification:

H00, H20, H50, O47, C33

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