Makale – Page 21 – BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS RESEARCH JOURNAL

Category: Makale

The Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Organizational Identification: Mediating Role of Person-Organization Fit

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Organizational Identification: Mediating Role of Person-Organization Fit
Author(s):	Seval Aksoy Kuru
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	515-530
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.264

Abstract

In this study, it is aimed to determine the relationship between employees’’ perception of ethical leadership and organizational identification and person-organization fit. The survey data were collected from the blue-collar employees in Istanbul by using a questionnaire form in 2018. The collected data were interpreted using SPSS and SEM statistical programs. According to the results, a significant relationship was found between ethical leadership perception and organizational organization, as well as ethical leadership and organizational identification. In addition, the main motivation of the research is the mediation effect, and it has been determined that the harmony of the person organization fit a partial mediation effect between the ethical leadership perception and organizational identification.

Keywords:

Ethical Leadership, Person-Organization Fit, Organizational Identification

JEL Classification:

D23, M10, M12, O15

Full Text ( ↓ 2600)

The Effect of Supervisor Support on Employees’ Conformity Behaviour to the Organizational Rules: Research in the Aviation Sector

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Supervisor Support on Employees’ Conformity Behaviour to the Organizational Rules: Research in the Aviation Sector
Author(s):	Tugba Gungor Ilerler, Asena Altin Gulova
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	495-513
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.263

Abstract

This study deals with the social impact and conformity behavior, a topic mainly studied by social psychologists, in the context of employees’ conformity behavior in the workplace. This research aims to (1) investigate the effect of perceived supervisor support (PSS) of aviation sector employees’ on conformity behaviors to the rules, (2) determine whether or not the demographic variables affect the employees’ conformity behaviors to the rules and if it creates a significant difference, and (3) determine to employees’ perceptions of supervisor support. The results of the study were obtained from 371 surveys from Izmir Adnan Menderes Airport Employees. Two scales were administered to collect data: i) Scale of Supervisor Support developed by Grandey (1999,2000) and adapted to Turkish by Öz in 2007, ii) Scale of Conformity Behaviours developed by Öz (2007) based on Kelman’s (1958) definitions of three conformity behaviours. The quantitative data obtained by the questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS. After analyzing the sample, validity and reliability analyzes, normality test, factor analysis of the scales were carried out. Afterward, multiple correlation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship level and direction of the variable of the research. Moreover, t-tests, ANOVA tests, and Structural Equation Model (SEM) methods were used through the AMOS 22 program to test the hypotheses. The results reveal the significant impact of supervisor support on employee conformity behavior. According to some demographic variables, employees’ perception of supervisor support and types of conformity to the organizational rules also differs.

Keywords:

Supervisor Support, Conformity Behaviour, Organizational Rules, Demographic Variables, Aviation Sector

JEL Classification:

D23, D73, F55, J11, M12

Full Text ( ↓ 3192)

Discrimination in Work life: A Qualitative Research on LGBT+ Individuals

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Discrimination in Work life: A Qualitative Research on LGBT+ Individuals
Author(s):	Duygu Acar Erdur, Faruk Ozgunlu
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	479-494
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.262

Abstract

This study focuses on sexual orientation discrimination in the Turkish work life, which is a relatively less studied subject in Turkish literature. The study aims to determine the discriminatory behaviors against LGBT + individuals who are in active work life due to their sexual orientation if any. The study follows a qualitative research design. Based on an interview protocol, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 LGBT+ individuals using a snowball sampling method. Content analysis of the data emphasizes five distinct issues. First, it is determined that LGBT+ individuals in Turkish work life are subjected to formal discrimination in such as recruitment, dismissal processes. Findings also demonstrate that LGBT+ individuals are subject to informal discrimination through disdain, insult, etc. behaviors. Additionally, the findings of the study indicate a homophobic work environment in the Turkish context. Moreover, it is found that LGBT+ individuals use various mechanisms to cope with discriminatory behavior at the workplace, and mostly tend to conceal their sexual orientations. Finally, findings reveal that this process affects LGBT+ individuals in a negative way.

Keywords:

Discrimination, Discrimination in the Work Life, Sexual Orientation Discrimination, LGBT +, Qualitative Research

JEL Classification:

J70, J71, M14

Full Text ( ↓ 4585)

Mediating Role of the Positive Psychological Capital on the Relation between the Authentic Leadership Style and Employees’ Work Engagement: An Applied Study on Hospitality Industry

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Mediating Role of the Positive Psychological Capital on the Relation between the Authentic Leadership Style and Employees’ Work Engagement: An Applied Study on Hospitality Industry
Author(s):	Didem Ozturk Ciftci, Hulya Erkanli
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	461-478
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.261

Abstract

The most valuable and unique resource that the organizations have under today’s conditions is the human resources. The positive psychology perspective, trying to understand the human resource in all its parts that brings hope, self-efficacy, optimism, and resilience features into the forefront draws attention to utilize this resource in the most effective way. Moreover, the leadership perspectives that discover the positive psychological capital (PsyCap) elements and contribute to the employees’ development becomes more important in the employees’ work engagement. In this context, this study aims at determining the relation between the authentic leadership and employees’ work engagement and mediating role of the PsyCap on this relationship. The study was carried out with 462 employees working at 4 and 5 star hotels in the cities in the Central and Eastern Black Sea regions in Turkey. Validity of the study’s scales was evaluated by explanatory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and the relations between the variables that comprise the research design were evaluated by the Structural Equation Model (SEM). Findings reveal that, the authentic leadership has a positive effect on both work engagement and PsyCap and PsyCap has a positive effect on the work engagement. Moreover, it is determined that the PsyCap has a partial mediating role in the authentic leadership’s effect on the work engagement. Bootstrap test results also show that the mediating role of the PsyCap determined is significant. As a result, within the framework of the research variables, it can be stated that authentic leaders affect employees’ work engagement directly with their leadership characteristics and partially by supporting and developing employees’ PsyCap elements

Keywords:

Authentic Leadership, Positive Psychological Capital, Positive Organizational Behavior, Work Engagement

JEL Classification:

D23, M10

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Improving Processes Through Value Stream Mapping: A Case Study in Lean Organization

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Improving Processes Through Value Stream Mapping: A Case Study in Lean Organization
Author(s):	Hakan Aydin, Canan Cetin
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	445-459
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.260

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explain how the processes were improved in a lean organization through value stream mapping application. It is suggested that value stream mapping enables to observe product value stream, notice the sources of waste in the process, identify improve-ment points in product flow and develop more efficient processes. The application of value stream mapping was implemented in XYZ company, which is significant knowledge and expe-rience of value stream mapping in the automotive sector. XYZ company is on the ISO 500 and employs more than 800 employees. In this study value stream mapping was applied on a single company level. The current state map was drawn after selecting rear seat as product family; then the value stream in the current state map was examined, the future state map designed, and improvements explicated to reach a future state. It was concluded that the number of employees in the company decreased, space-saving was realized, defects diminished, produc-tion capacity increased, line stop time decreased, lead time shortened, finished product inven-tory decreased and production was balanced. It is suggested that value stream mapping may be considered as a significant tool in the improvement of processes and providing significant benefits to businesses planning to be lean organizations.

Keywords:

Value Stream Mapping, Process Improvement, Lean Organization, Value, Lean

JEL Classification:

D24, L23, M10

Full Text ( ↓ 3151)

A Research on Real Estate Investment Fund Managers in Turkey

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	A Research on Real Estate Investment Fund Managers in Turkey
Author(s):	Gulnaz Sengul Gunes, Harun Tanrivermis
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	431-444
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.259

Abstract

The importance of this research is to examine real estate investment funds (REIF) which is a new capital market instrument in Turkey. For this purpose, it is evaluated the development and current situation of REIF which are capital market instruments based on the results of stakeholder interviews and secondary data. In-depth interview technique was used in collecting research data, and ensured to examine REIFs and application problems in Turkey, the country’s economy, their contribution to the construction and real estate sector, the advantages and disadvantages with directed open-ended questions about the investigation to managers with face-to-face interviews. As a conclusion, this new investment vehicle has foreseen further developed in the following years which is relatively new in Turkey and it will be possible to increase the Real Estate Development and Management specialists working in REIFs, risk and investment analysis as well as other vehicles based on real estate and to contribute the development of problem resolution and funds by ensuring that the funds are employed in the institutions which are the stakeholders.

Keywords:

Real Estate Investment Funds, Capital Markets, Real Estate Finance

JEL Classification:

G10, G11, G18, G23

Full Text ( ↓ 3607)

A Comparative Analysis of Country Ratings and Credit Default Swap Premiums in Determining Risk Premium in BRICS-T Countries

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	A Comparative Analysis of Country Ratings and Credit Default Swap Premiums in Determining Risk Premium in BRICS-T Countries
Author(s):	Tansu Kutuk, Mustafa Okur
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	413-429
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.258

Abstract

Sovereign credit ratings have a significant impact on the costs of funds obtained from international markets. In this respect, the reliability and impartiality of credit ratings are very important, especially for developing countries. The aim of this study is to reveal how real the credit ratings of countries and institutions reflect the existing situation, how transparent and reliable the evaluation processes are. In order to investigate the effect of credit ratings; macroeconomic data, CDS premiums and banking-finance indices of BRICS-T countries were evaluated before and after the rating changes and analyzed with the help of tables and graphs. At this point, in order to analyze the impact of credit ratings to the banking sector; the selected public bank’s and country’s ratings were evaluated by analyzing the change in share prices and financial ratios of these banks. It was evidenced that movements in CDS premiums reflect the credit reliability of countries and the banks more realistically than the credit ratings. By extending the scope of the study with BRICS countries we differentiated if from the previous literature. In this regard, also an international dimension was added to the study.

Keywords:

Credit Ratings, BRICS Countries, Credit Default Swaps (CDS)

JEL Classification:

G15, G20, G21

Full Text ( ↓ 2670)

Impact of Changes in Foreign Investors Ownership on Return, Volatility and Liquidity: A Panel Data Analysis for BIST REIT Market

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Impact of Changes in Foreign Investors Ownership on Return, Volatility and Liquidity: A Panel Data Analysis for BIST REIT Market
Author(s):	Saim Kilic, Ihsan Ugur Delikanli, Ali Alp
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	397-411
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.257

Abstract

This study aims to test the validity of base broadening hypothesis for the impact of changes in foreign investors’ ownership on the return, volatility and liquidity of the shares of the real estate investment trusts (REITs) traded in Borsa Istanbul between 2010 and 2018 by panel regression analysis. Results show that a statistically significant relation exists between the sudden changes in the ownership of the foreign investors and the return, liquidity and volatility of the shares for a short term (up to 3 months). So, it has been seen that base broadening hypothesis is not valid for a long period of time. Even if it can be claimed that price pressure hypothesis could prevail looking at the statistically significant relationship for a short time, it has been considered that this case emerged thanks to the domestic investors paying more court to the market with trading more shares when they were informed about the changes in foreign investors’ ownership depending on its nature as information content, not as a result of the traded shares actually by the foreign investors.

Keywords:

Foreign Investors, Base Broadening, Price Pressure, REIT, BIST

JEL Classification:

F32, G14, G16

Full Text ( ↓ 2650)

Estimation of the XU100 Index Return Volatility with the Integration of GARCH Family Models and ANN

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Estimation of the XU100 Index Return Volatility with the Integration of GARCH Family Models and ANN
Author(s):	Fela Ozbey, Semin Paksoy
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	385-396
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.256

Abstract

To avoid market risk, besides portfolio diversification, investors are trying to model the volatility in the best way to reduce uncertainty. The most commonly used methods to model volatility are Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity family models. However, some studies published in recent years show that semi-parametric hybrid models which consist of the integration of Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity family models with the Artificial Neural Networks algorithm perform better than these simple models. In this study, the volatility of the Borsa İstanbul 100 price index return is estimated by the aforementioned simple and hybrid models, and the success of the hybrid models is compared with the success of their components. Two different distributions – Normal Distribution and Generalized Error Distribution – are assumed through the estimation process. Comparisons are performed using Mean Squared Error and Mean Absolute Deviation criteria. According to both criteria, the hybrid model composed of Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity – Artificial Neural Networks performed the best. In line with these findings, it is recommended to evaluate the advantages of hybrid models in dynamic risk analysis of financial instruments.

Keywords:

Volatility, Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Models, Artificial Neural Networks, Hybrid Models, Semi-Parametric Methods, XU100 Index

JEL Classification:

C22, C45, C52, C58, G10

Full Text ( ↓ 2293)

The Relationship between Different Types of Risk and Stock Market Index: Causality Tests for Turkey

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Relationship between Different Types of Risk and Stock Market Index: Causality Tests for Turkey
Author(s):	Yuksel Iltas
Volume:	11
Number:	2
Year:	2020
Page:	371-384
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.255

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between economic, political, financial and geopolitical country risks and stock prices for the case of Turkey during the period 1999: 01-2014: 12. The causal relationship between risk premiums and BIST 100 index is analyzed through Toda-Yamamoto and Hacker and Hatemi-J (2012) causality tests. According to Toda-Yamamoto causality test’s results, while there is bidirectional causality between economic risk premium and BIST 100 index and between political risk premium and BIST 100 Index, there is no causality from financial risk premium and geopolitical risk premium to BIST 100 Index. According to the result of Hacker and Hatemi-J (2012) bootstrap causality test, while there is bi-directional causality between economic risk premium and BIST 100 index and between political risk premium and BIST 100 Index, there is no causality between financial risk premium and BIST 100 index and between geopolitical risk premium and BIST 100 Index. The results of Hacker and Hatemi-J (2012) bootstrap causality test confirm the results of the Toda-Yamamoto causality test. Causality tests performed in the study indicate the existence of bidirectional causality relationship among economic risk premium based on macroeconomic variables and political risk premium as an indicator of the country’s political environment, and stock prices.

Keywords:

Economic Risk, Political Risk, Financial Risk, Stock Prices, BIST100, Causality Tests

JEL Classification:

G00, G30, G32

Full Text ( ↓ 2307)