Makale – Page 14 – BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS RESEARCH JOURNAL

Category: Makale

Women Poverty and Its Socioeconomic Reflections in Erzurum

Posted on Friday January 29th, 2021Friday January 29th, 2021 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Women Poverty and Its Socioeconomic Reflections in Erzurum
Author(s):	Emine Demet Ekinci Hamamci, Kubra Anik
Volume:	12
Number:	1
Year:	2021
Page:	65-88
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2021.311

Abstract

Poverty, narrowly, is the inability of people to meet basic human needs with their current income. Poverty affects different groups of society in different dimensions. However, empirical studies have shown that women and their children are most affected by poverty. One of the most important reasons behind this result is gender inequality against women. By preventing women from benefiting from education equally, participating in employment, and having better working conditions as high wages, social security rights, etc., gender inequality leads to more impoverishment of women. This study aims to determine the dimensions of women poverty and the reflections of this poverty on both their own and family lives. To accomplish this aim, a survey has been conducted with 200 poor women that are in the first 10% decile according to the distribution of annual equivalized household disposable income in Erzurum. Field research was conducted in the period March-May 2019. According to the results, the women have felt less poor if their husbands work or there is an insured employee in the household. Also, as household income decreases, the women have experienced greater negativities in meeting basic needs (education, health, etc.), and this negativity is also passed down from generation to generation.

Keywords:

Poverty, Women Poverty, Gender Inequality, Erzurum

JEL Classification:

I32, J10, J16

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The Effect of Financial Development on Economic Growth in Fragile Economics

Posted on Friday January 29th, 2021Friday January 29th, 2021 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Financial Development on Economic Growth in Fragile Economics
Author(s):	Faruk Mike, Ali Eren Alper
Volume:	12
Number:	1
Year:	2021
Page:	49-64
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2021.310

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the impact of financial development on economic growth for fragile five economies, which are based on the country classification by Morgan Stanley. Accordingly, Shin cointegration, Fourier Shin cointegration, and Toda-Yamamoto causality analyses were performed for the annual observations from 1980 to 2017. Fourier Shin cointegration test results reveal the existence of a long-run relationship between economic growth and financial development, capital stock, and human development index for four countries, namely Brazil, India, South Africa, and Turkey. On the other hand, Shin cointegration test results indicate the existence of cointegration relationship between series for Brazil, Indonesia, and South Africa. Dynamic Least Squares estimator shows that financial development has positive and statistically significant coefficients for four countries, namely India, Indonesia, South Africa, and Turkey (except Brazil). Finally, Toda-Yamamoto causality analyses reveal that there is only a unidirectional causality running from financial development to economic growth for Indonesia and South Africa. The findings reveal that the level of financial development is a significant parameter in fragile economies’ sustainable growth processes.

Keywords:

Financial Development, Economic Growth, Fragile Economics, Fourier Cointegration Test, Causality Analysis

JEL Classification:

C32, G15, O40

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Analysis of Relationship between the Consumer and Producer Prices in Turkey using Alternative Estimation Methods

Posted on Friday January 29th, 2021Friday January 29th, 2021 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Analysis of Relationship between the Consumer and Producer Prices in Turkey using Alternative Estimation Methods
Author(s):	Necmettin Alpay Kocak
Volume:	12
Number:	1
Year:	2021
Page:	33-47
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2021.309

Abstract

The relationship between consumer prices and producer prices has been discussed in the literature. In this study, the existence and dimensions of the relationship in question for Turkey are examined between the consumer (CPI), the producer (D-PPI), and the agricultural sector (AGR-PPI) prices. The stationarity characteristics of time series are examined using five different tests in the study in which the period between January 2011 and June 2020 is covered. The cointegration relationship between the time series is investigated with the standard Johansen, Johansen with structural break, and Lütkepol with structural break, and the short-term dynamics of the relationship are analyzed with the Vector Error Correction model. Unlike the literature, the long-term relationship between time series has been estimated using different estimation methods. The findings indicate that there are statistically significant cointegration relationships between them, as well as short-term causality relationships. In the long run, it is determined that the effect from AGR-PPI and D-PPI to CPI is statistically significant but small in size. On the other hand, the effects from the CPI to AGR-PPI and D-PPI are significant and bigger in size. Considering these findings, it can be claimed that a two-way relationship between producer prices and consumer prices are exist in Turkey for 2011-2020 period, but consumer prices have stronger effect on producer prices.

Keywords:

Consumer Prices, Producer Prices, Co-integration, System Equations

JEL Classification:

C32, C53, E31, E37

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Household Level Inflation Rates and Inflation Inequality in Turkey

Posted on Friday January 29th, 2021Friday January 29th, 2021 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Household Level Inflation Rates and Inflation Inequality in Turkey
Author(s):	Ugur Akkoc, Burca Kizilirmak
Volume:	12
Number:	1
Year:	2021
Page:	17-32
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2021.308

Abstract

This paper aims to explore the distribution of inflation rates at the household level and estimate their determinants using the Household Budget Surveys. It derives the household level inflation rates using the democratic price index and analyzes inflation inequality and its persistency. The main contributions of the paper are as follows: (i) to determine inflation inequality by examining the distribution of household-specific inflation rates calculated by the democratic price index, (ii) to examine new dimensions of inflation inequality in Turkey by income groups and household characteristics, (iii) to estimate the micro-level determinants of household inflation rates in Turkey. Results suggest that inflation rates are lower for the rich than for the poor, and the distribution of inflation has worsened the income inequality in Turkey. This analysis provides rich information for monetary policymakers. Households have different responses to price changes or monetary policy tools because of their unique characteristics and economic conditions. Thus, we need to know how inflation rates differ at the household level in order to understand how monetary policy and inflation affect the well-being of households.

Keywords:

Consumption, Inflation, Inflation Inequality, Monetary Policy, Household Economics

JEL Classification:

E31, E21, I31, D30

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Is Education Compulsory for Environmental Quality? An Empirical Study on EKC and Education Nexus

Posted on Friday January 29th, 2021Friday January 29th, 2021 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Is Education Compulsory for Environmental Quality? An Empirical Study on EKC and Education Nexus
Author(s):	Billur Engin Balin
Volume:	12
Number:	1
Year:	2021
Page:	1-15
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2021.307

Abstract

Studies analyzing the environmental impacts of economic growth and considering the nexus between the stages of development remain popular since the 90s. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis suggests that there is an inverted-U-shape relationship between per capita income and damage to the environment. Within the vast EKC literature, various variables that may have an impact on environmental pollution were included in the models. However, studies examine the effect of education on environmental quality are relatively new. In this study, the EKC hypothesis is tested in terms of per capita income and education level by using data from the period of 1998-2014 of 47 countries. Environmental pollution is measured by carbon dioxide per capita; income level is measured by GDP per capita, and education level is measured by the number of students enrolled in tertiary education and the share of public expenditures on education in GDP. According to the empirical findings; (i) The Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is confirmed for only the number of students enrolled in tertiary education, (ii) there is a significant and negative relationship between the share of public expenditures on education in GDP and CO2 emissions. Therefore education can be evaluated as a powerful tool for environmental policy.

Keywords:

Environmental Kuznets Curve, Education, CO2 emissions, Economic Growth, Panel Data

JEL Classification:

Q56, I25

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Reporting the Internally Developed Intangible Assets According to Turkish Accounting/Financial Reporting Standards

Posted on Wednesday December 30th, 2020Friday January 29th, 2021 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Reporting the Internally Developed Intangible Assets According to Turkish Accounting/Financial Reporting Standards
Author(s):	Bilal Gerekan
Volume:	12
Number:	1
Year:	2021
Page:	233-243
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.306

Abstract

The aim of this study is to reveal accounting principles internally developed intangible assets in the scope of Turkey Accounting/Financial Reporting Standards. Although there are many studies on intangible assets, the number of studies on internally developed intangible assets is quite limited. This study has been discussed to fill this gap in the literature. In the study, accounting principles are shown with the applications based on TAS: 38 Intangible Assets Standard. The draft chart of accounts published by the Public Oversight Accounting and Auditing Standards Authority was used for the accounts that on the accounting records. The practices were handled and resolved separately according to the “actual cost method” and “predetermined cost methods”. The differences between the accounts in the draft chart of accounts and those in the uniform chart of accounts have been examined. It has been evaluated that what should be considered in accounting for which cost method. There are some differences in the reporting of expenses in research and development phases for internally developed intangible assets. If predetermined cost methods are used instead of the actual cost method, it is necessary to use difference accounts at the end of the period. It is clear in the draft chart of accounts to which account the costs incurred in the development process, including the patent costs, should be written. However, the problem of where to write the costs in question has also disappeared.

Keywords:

Internally Developed Intangible Assets, TASs/TFRSs

JEL Classification:

M40, M41

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The Mediating Role of Psychological Well-Being in the Effect of Core Self-Evaluation on Job Satisfaction

Posted on Wednesday October 21st, 2020Tuesday October 27th, 2020 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Mediating Role of Psychological Well-Being in the Effect of Core Self-Evaluation on Job Satisfaction
Author(s):	Muhammet Tortumlu, Abdurrahman Serhan Barutcu, Tahsin Akcakanat, Hasan Hüseyin Uzunbacak
Volume:	11
Number:	4
Year:	2020
Page:	1147-1162
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.304

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the mediating role of psychological well-being in the effect of core self-evaluation on job satisfaction. The data of the research were collected from the employees of a district municipality in İstanbul. The data were obtained from a total of 207 white-collar employees with a convenience sampling method. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the validity of the scales. Bootstrap regression analysis was used to determine the mediating role. According to the obtained findings, it was found that psychological well-being played a partial mediating role in the effect of core self- evaluation and job satisfaction on each other. In addition, significant and positive effects were found between core self- evaluation, job satisfaction, and psychological well-being variables. Findings determined in this direction were discussed within the framework of academic literature and various suggestions were made.

Keywords:

Core Self-evaluation, Job Satisfaction, Psychological Well-Being, Self-evaluation Theory, Mediating Role

JEL Classification:

D23, D73, M12

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Which One is Difficult – Staying and Suffering Injustice or Quitting No Matter What?

Posted on Wednesday October 21st, 2020Tuesday October 27th, 2020 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Which One is Difficult – Staying and Suffering Injustice or Quitting No Matter What?
Author(s):	Simge Dumlu Tingul, Senay Yurur
Volume:	11
Number:	4
Year:	2020
Page:	1133-1145
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.303

Abstract

It is well known that unfair practices in organizations affect employees’ intention to quit their job or actual turnover. However, in countries with high unemployment rates, the effect of unfair practices on the intention to quit the job and on actual turnover will not be the same. In countries with low employment opportunities, employees may be expected to endure unfair practices and to continue to remain in the organization. The aim of this study designed with these assumptions is how unfair practices in organizations shape the employees’ actual turnover. Qualitative research conducted for this purpose, interviews were carried out with 20 people who were quitted from their previous job voluntarily. As a result of the analyses conducted with the descriptive analysis technique, it was found that unfair practices in the organizations were the major reasons for the actual turnovers. In addition, the main reason for these actual quits was the unfair distribution of the resources and the unfair behavior of their managers. The other results were discussed in the conclusion section.

Keywords:

Organizational Justice, Actual Turnover, Distributive Justice, Interactional Justice, Procedural Justice

JEL Classification:

M10, M12

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The Effect of Perceived Organizational Justice on Employees’ Attitudes to Business Ethics: An Empirical Research on Private Sector

Posted on Tuesday October 20th, 2020Tuesday October 27th, 2020 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Perceived Organizational Justice on Employees’ Attitudes to Business Ethics: An Empirical Research on Private Sector
Author(s):	Ahmet Mumcu
Volume:	11
Number:	4
Year:	2020
Page:	1119-1132
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.302

Abstract

This study is conducted to investigate the effect of perceived organizational justice on attitudes towards employees’ business ethics. In the study, the concepts of organizational justice and business ethics, which are perceived, are given theoretically. Later, in the context of justice and ethics, the relationship between organizational justice and business ethics is addressed on the basis of qualitative and quantitative studies. Field research is carried out on 346 personnel working at businesses operating in the private sector. Structural Equation Model (SEM) is used in the analysis of the data obtained from the research. As a result of the evaluation of the research data, it is found out that perceived distribution justice and perceived interactional justice don’t have a significant effect on the attitudes of employees towards business ethics. On the other hand, it is also found out that perceived procedural justice has a positive effect on employees’ attitudes towards business ethics.

Keywords:

Ethic, Business Ethic, Organizational Justice

JEL Classification:

D23, M10

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Effect of The Career Future Perceptions on Employer Attractiveness Perceptions

Posted on Tuesday October 20th, 2020Tuesday October 27th, 2020 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Effect of The Career Future Perceptions on Employer Attractiveness Perceptions
Author(s):	Berk Ozcinar, Emel Esen
Volume:	11
Number:	4
Year:	2020
Page:	1097-1117
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2020.301

Abstract

When considering the human resource is the most important factor to be successful for the companies today, attracting the potential employees who are able to improve themselves, cope with the obstacles that will meet along with his or her careers, adapt to changes, struggle with uncertainties, have a positive perspective for future has become rather important. In the study, it was aimed to measure the effect of the levels of perception of generations career future on employer attractiveness. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with 361 participants. In the measurement of career future perception, “career future scale” developed by Rottinghaus et al. (2005) was used and in the measurement of employer attractiveness, the “employer attractiveness scale” developed by Berthon et al. (2005) was used. According to the results obtained by the conducted research, it is realized that the perception of career future affects especially improvement value, social value, and benefit value of employee attractiveness positively and affects economic value negatively. It was also found that there are differences in career future perceptions and employer attractiveness according to gender, generation, employment status, and education level.

Keywords:

Career Future Perception, Career Adaptation, Career Optimism, Employer Attractiveness

JEL Classification:

M10, M19

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